Basra’s traditional pestle and mortar: centuries-old craft finds new admirers in gulf market

BASRA — In an age of advanced coffee grinders and grain processors, Basra’s traditional markets remain steadfast in their devotion to the timeless mortar and pestle. Passed down through generations, these iconic tools, locally known as the “hawan” [mortar] and “jawan” [large wooden mortar], are not only symbols of heritage but have become prized collectibles across Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, where a single piece can fetch up to 750,000 Iraqi dinars (around $500).

“The demand for these traditional tools has extended far beyond Iraq’s borders. Collectors and enthusiasts in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait are driving prices higher, especially for rare and intricately crafted pieces,” says Ahmed Al-Mansouri, an antiques shop owner in Basra to 964media.

According to Al-Mansouri, the value of a mortar and pestle which is mostly made from copper, depends on its age, craftsmanship, and origin. The older and more authentic, the higher its price. There are three main types: the Iraqi mortar, admired for its large size; the Nasrani mortar, known for its impressive thickness; and the Syrian mortar, typically smaller in diameter.

“An Iraqi mortar crafted nearly a century ago, standing about 35 cm tall, can sell for as much as 750,000 dinars. If it’s engraved, the price rises even further, with collectors in Gulf countries willing to pay premium amounts in dollars,” Al-Mansouri explains.

The Nasrani mortar, believed to have been made by Jewish artisans who once lived in Iraq, is slightly less expensive due to its shorter height—usually no more than 20 cm. However, its thickness and broader diameter set it apart. The Syrian mortar, while still valuable, is generally priced below its Iraqi and Nasrani counterparts.

When it comes to the large wooden mortar, Al-Mansouri notes that authentic antique pieces have nearly disappeared from the market due to overwhelming demand. “If an original jawan is found, it’s almost priceless,” he says.

Contemporary decorative ones, mostly imported from Syria, are now filling the gap. Their prices vary based on size and ornamentation, with a standard piece costing around 90,000 dinars ($60), while larger, artistically engraved versions, typically under 40cm in height, can sell for 175,000 dinars ($115).

“Many Gulf collectors buy these pieces purely for display, treating them as valuable works of art,” Al-Mansouri adds.