Baquba’s Arab Market: a hub for traditional farming tools

DIYALA — In the heart of Baquba lies the Arab Market, one of the oldest traditional markets in Iraq, where farmers from surrounding rural areas shop for handmade agricultural tools. Among the most sought-after items are the hand sickle and Hoe, traditional tools used for palm tree maintenance and farming. Crafted manually from scrap metals like old railway nails and discarded iron, these tools are known for their durability and quality, making them a favorite among farmers.

“The market was established in 1963 and has been a key destination for farmers seeking affordable and reliable tools,” said Hashem Rahim, a shop owner in the market to 964media. “In the past, most agricultural tools were handmade, but now, many are imported from abroad.” Rahim noted that while the market still offers traditional craftsmanship, its activity has declined due to the emergence of new markets in rural areas that cater to a broader range of needs.

Mustafa Qais, the owner of a historic blacksmith shop in the market, shared insights into the manual production process. “This craft has been passed down from my grandfather to my father and uncles, and now to me,” Qais explained. “We heat scrap iron—like railway nails, car leaf springs—over wood fires, shape it by hammering on an anvil, sharpen it by hand, and quench it in water to strengthen it.”

He detailed the pricing of his handmade tools, including the hand sickle, locally known as Jalab, made from railway nails or car springs at 40,000 dinars (approximately $26.50), and the more durable hand sickle made from tank beams at 80,000 dinars (approximately $53). “The prices vary depending on the material and labor involved,” he added, emphasizing the quality of handmade items.

Farmers like Ribah Abdul Barakat continue to rely on the Arab Market for their needs. “I’ve been dealing with Haj Qais’s shop for years because their tools are reliable and durable,” he said. “The Jalab I buy from them lasts a long time and is perfect for cleaning palm trees.”

Abdul Barakat stressed the importance of traditional tools over imported alternatives. “Handmade tools last longer and perform better in the field,” he said, adding that the market offers everything a farmer needs, from hoes and shovels to hand sickles.

Despite its rich history, the Arab Market has seen a decline in activity. “Compared to the past, fewer people visit the market now,” said Youssef Jalil, who supplies hand tools at the market. He attributed the decline to a downturn in agriculture and the availability of imported tools. However, certain periods, such as the current palm tree cleaning season, bring increased demand for traditional tools like the hand sickle.